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Bergen-Belsen displaced persons camp was a displaced persons (DP) camp for refugees after World War II, in Lower Saxony in northwestern Germany, southwest of the town of Bergen near Celle. It was in operation from the summer of 1945 until September 1950. For a time, Belsen DP camp was the largest Jewish DP camp in Germany and the only one in the British occupation zone with an exclusively Jewish population.〔〔 ==Location and establishment== On 15 April 1945 the British Army liberated the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, which was handed over by the SS guards without a fight. Diseases and the terrible unhygienic state of the concentration camp buildings caused the British Army to relocate the former inmates and eventually to burn the prisoner huts.〔 The survivors of the concentration camp became the first residents of the future DP camp, which was around 2 kilometres from the main concentration camp area, in a former German Army barracks.〔 Initially, the British medical staff used buildings in the former ''Panzertruppenschule'' (school for Panzer troops) as an emergency hospital to treat the former inmates away from the disastrous conditions of the concentration camp. On 21 April the first patients were moved to the new location, disinfected and issued with new clothing.〔 This movement of people was completed by 18 May and at that point the former barracks had around 12,000 hospital beds.〔 The British also moved the wounded German soldiers from the Wehrmacht ''Reservelazarett'' (reserve hospital, in a nearby spruce forest) to civilian hospitals and added the ''Reservelazarett'' to their hospital space.〔 This raised the number of available beds by a further 1,600.〔 Within the first four weeks almost 29,000 survivors from Belsen concentration camp were moved to the emergency hospital.〔 Around 14,000 former inmates died after liberation despite the best efforts of the British Army, the British Red Cross and many others of various nationalities.〔 By June 1945, around 11,000 of the former inmates still required emergency treatment. The DP camp was established in July 1945 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Bergen-Belsen Displaced Persons Camp )〕 by turning the hospital wards into living quarters.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Emergency hospital )〕 After summer 1945, only the former Wehrmacht hospital, around a kilometre from the barracks, was still used as a hospital. 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Former DP Camp )〕 In January 1948, the British turned this into the central Jewish hospital for their occupation zone.〔 It was run by the Central Committee of Liberated Jews, supported by aid organisations.〔 The survivors named it the ''Glyn Hughes Hospital'' after British Brigadier Hugh Llewellyn Glyn Hughes, the medical officer of the 11th Armoured Division.〔 Later still this became part of the ''Glyn Hughes Barracks'', in what is now Hohne-Camp.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Glynn Hughes Hospital )〕 The British authorities tried to rename the camp ''Hohne'' to avoid the association with Nazi genocide at the concentration camp nearby, but the Holocaust survivors who were residents (''Sh'erit ha-Pletah'') in the camp refused to accept the name change and persisted in calling the DP camp ''Bergen-Belsen''.〔 The name change only stuck after the DP camp was dissolved and the area was returned to military use. Today, the location of the former DP camp remains off-limits to the public. Even though many of the buildings are not in use any more, they are in a restricted military area.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bergen-Belsen displaced persons camp」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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